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''Chalciporus piperatus'', commonly known as the peppery bolete, is a small pored mushroom of the family Boletaceae found in mixed woodland in Europe and North America. It has been recorded under introduced trees in Brazil, and has become naturalised in Tasmania and spread under native ''Nothofagus cunninghamii'' trees. A small bolete, the fruit body has a orange-fawn cap with cinnamon to brown pores underneath, and a high by thick stipe. The rare variety ''hypochryseus'', found only in Europe, has yellow pores and tubes. Described by Pierre Bulliard in 1790 as ''Boletus piperatus'', it is only distantly related to other members of the genus ''Boletus'' and was reclassified as ''Chalciporus piperatus'' by Frédéric Bataille in 1908. The genus ''Chalciporus'' was an early branching lineage in the Boletaceae and appears to be related to boletes with parasitic properties. Previously thought to be ectomycorrhizal (a symbiotic relationship that occurs between a fungus and the roots of various plant species), ''C. piperatus'' is now suspected of being parasitic on ''Amanita muscaria''. The flesh of ''C. piperatus'' has a very peppery taste, and can be used as a condiment or flavouring. ==Taxonomy and naming== French mycologist Pierre Bulliard described the species as ''Boletus piperatus'' in 1790.〔 In its taxonomic history, it has been transferred to the genera ''Leccinum'' (Samuel Frederick Gray, 1821), ''Viscipellis'' (Lucien Quélet, 1886), ''Ixocomus'' (Quélet, 1888), ''Suillus'' (Otto Kuntze, 1898), and ''Ceriomyces'' (William Alphonso Murrill, 1909).〔 It was reclassified and given its current binomial name in 1908 by Frédéric Bataille when he made it the type species of the newly circumscribed genus ''Chalciporus''.〔 The species name ''piperatus'' means "peppery" in Latin.〔 It is commonly known as the "peppery bolete".〔 ''Chalciporus piperatus'' is a member of the genus ''Chalciporus'', with which the genus ''Buchwaldoboletus'' form a group of fungi that is an early offshoot in the Boletaceae. Many members of the group appear to be parasitic.〔 Two varieties have been described. ''Chalciporus piperatus'' var. ''hypochryseus'' was originally described as ''Boletus hypochryseus'' by Czech mycologist Josef Šutara in 1993,〔 and was moved to ''Chalciporus'' a year later by Regis Courtecuisse.〔 Wolfgang Klofac and Irmgard Krisai-Greilhuber reclassified it as a variety of ''C. piperatus'' in 2006,〔 although some sources continue to regard it as a distinct species.〔 Variety ''amarellus'', first published by Quélet as ''Boletus amarellus'' in 1883 and later transferred to ''Chalciporus'' by Bataille in 1908, was described as a variety of ''C. piperatus'' in 1974 by Albert Pilát and Aurel Dermek. Authorities disagree as to whether or not it has independent taxonomic significance.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chalciporus piperatus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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